Which document protects the rights against self-incrimination?

The correct answer is that the Miranda Rights protect against self-incrimination. The Miranda Rights, originating from the landmark Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona, require law enforcement to inform individuals of their rights when they are taken into custody and before being interrogated. This includes the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, which directly safeguards against being compelled to self-incriminate during interrogations.

While the Constitution does provide the basis for these rights, specifically the Fifth Amendment, the term "Miranda Rights" refers specifically to the procedures that law enforcement must follow to uphold those constitutional protections. Statutory law and case law can provide further context and interpretation of these rights, but the Miranda warning itself is the practical application designed to prevent violations of the right against self-incrimination at the time of arrest or interrogation.